I know with a deferred rendering pipeline there’s intrinsic issues with alpha-blending and layering textures, and the snow/weather effects having an fps impact is common in deferred rendering, so I asked chatgpt if this same type of issue exists in BYOND:
Alpha-blending many textures on top of each other is computationally expensive in deferred rendering pipelines and comes with a bunch of lighting bugs, and it looks like the same is true for BYOND’s “blitting-based rendering”.
As for multi-z’s impact, iirc there’s a blur effect done on stuff at lower z-levels, and if that’s done with alpha-blending on runtime rather than using pre-made blurred sprites, that would be a cause for worse performance. The game might also be checking every tile to see if it’s supposed to be rendering over a lower z-level despite there not even being any lower z-levels. It’s hard to say without knowing how it works though.
To be more specific to the workarounds chatgpt suggested, you can use alpha-masking and dithering to blend layers rather than alpha-blending. I can’t really comment much on whether there’s actual performance gains to be had here in CM, but any textures that are solid instead of transparent ought to be using alpha-masking and not blending, unless there’s features that require the blending (the lighting probably does).
Saying it’s an “hardware issue” is vague; does he mean BYOND is using something like AVX2 instructions that older CPU’s lack, or does he mean he’s just not optimizing for older hardware?
I’ll say that despite having a 5800x3d, 64gb ram, and a 3060(12gb) I STILL get bad fps performance in CM - mostly when using binoculars or ghost zoom, but sometimes even with the normal view size. I really shouldn’t need even better hardware than this to run a 2D spaceman game above 30fps. The fact I still drop under that with this hardware strongly suggests there are massive performance improvements sitting on the table still. No reason this game shouldn’t be capable of running >120fps at all times with what it’s actually rendering.
IMO the game has serious performance bottlenecks and we shouldn’t just be shrugging and saying “buy a better computer” when someone brings it up.